By WDQ OPTICS | 10 May 2021 | 0 Comments
Description Of Several Common Basic Materials Of Laser Crystals
Description Of Several Common Basic Materials Of Laser Crystals
In the modern manufacturing industry, laser processing is one of the advanced processing technologies, which provides a new way for the development of various new products. In the field of laser application technology, the key basic core device is a laser. The laser matrix materials used in the laser are laser crystals, which can convert the external energy into highly parallel and monochromatic laser coherent in space and time through the optical resonator. After decades of development, laser crystals have increased from several at first to dozens. There are three kinds of widely used laser crystals: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG); Neodymium doped yttrium aluminate (Nd: YVO4) and titanium doped sapphire (Ti: Al2O3). Let's explain:
1. Nd: YAG
Neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser crystal has the advantages of good optical uniformity, good mechanical properties, high physicochemical stability, and good thermal conductivity. It is an important, mature and mainstream laser crystal material so far. It can be said that the emergence of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet makes the real development and commercialization of solid-state lasers.
2. Nd: YVO4
Neodymium doped yttrium vanadate crystal is a kind of laser crystal with excellent performance, which is suitable for manufacturing laser diode pumps, especially low-power lasers. Compared with neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate has a higher absorption coefficient and larger stimulated emission cross-section. Laser diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate crystal can achieve good frequency doubling conversion efficiency when used in combination with crystals with high nonlinear coefficients such as LBO, BBO, and KTP. It can be made into all-solid-state lasers with near-infrared, green, blue to ultraviolet output.
3. Ti: Al2O3
In the 1970s and 1980s, ultrafast laser mainly used passive mode-locked dye laser, which can produce sub-PS short-pulse laser. In the late 1980s, researchers found titanium sapphire (Ti: Al2O3) with a tunable range of 660-1100nm. Its bandwidth is very conducive to the realization of the fs laser pulse and has the advantages of large stimulated emission cross-section and a high laser damage threshold.
At the beginning of the 21st century, researchers used Kerr lens passive mode-locking to obtain laser pulses with an average power of 100MW, the pulse width of 5 and v6fs, and * realized wavelength broadband (400nm) tuning under fs pulse operation. Since then, Ti: sapphire laser has basically replaced dye laser in the field of ultrashort pulse laser and become the main ultrashort pulse laser oscillation source.
In the modern manufacturing industry, laser processing is one of the advanced processing technologies, which provides a new way for the development of various new products. In the field of laser application technology, the key basic core device is a laser. The laser matrix materials used in the laser are laser crystals, which can convert the external energy into highly parallel and monochromatic laser coherent in space and time through the optical resonator. After decades of development, laser crystals have increased from several at first to dozens. There are three kinds of widely used laser crystals: neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG); Neodymium doped yttrium aluminate (Nd: YVO4) and titanium doped sapphire (Ti: Al2O3). Let's explain:
1. Nd: YAG
Neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser crystal has the advantages of good optical uniformity, good mechanical properties, high physicochemical stability, and good thermal conductivity. It is an important, mature and mainstream laser crystal material so far. It can be said that the emergence of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet makes the real development and commercialization of solid-state lasers.
2. Nd: YVO4
Neodymium doped yttrium vanadate crystal is a kind of laser crystal with excellent performance, which is suitable for manufacturing laser diode pumps, especially low-power lasers. Compared with neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate has a higher absorption coefficient and larger stimulated emission cross-section. Laser diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate crystal can achieve good frequency doubling conversion efficiency when used in combination with crystals with high nonlinear coefficients such as LBO, BBO, and KTP. It can be made into all-solid-state lasers with near-infrared, green, blue to ultraviolet output.
3. Ti: Al2O3
In the 1970s and 1980s, ultrafast laser mainly used passive mode-locked dye laser, which can produce sub-PS short-pulse laser. In the late 1980s, researchers found titanium sapphire (Ti: Al2O3) with a tunable range of 660-1100nm. Its bandwidth is very conducive to the realization of the fs laser pulse and has the advantages of large stimulated emission cross-section and a high laser damage threshold.
At the beginning of the 21st century, researchers used Kerr lens passive mode-locking to obtain laser pulses with an average power of 100MW, the pulse width of 5 and v6fs, and * realized wavelength broadband (400nm) tuning under fs pulse operation. Since then, Ti: sapphire laser has basically replaced dye laser in the field of ultrashort pulse laser and become the main ultrashort pulse laser oscillation source.
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