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Q-switch is an important optical element in laser optical system. It suppresses and generates laser pulses by blocking and not blocking the reflection channel of light. When the attenuator works, the light leaving the gain medium does not return and cannot start emitting laser. This attenuation in the cavity corresponds to the reduction of the Q factor or quality factor of the optical resonator. A high Q factor corresponds to a low resonator loss per round trip and vice versa. Variable attenuators for this purpose are commonly referred to as Q switches.